Borehole temperature measurements, determination of thermal properties, territorial heat flow,thermal structure of lithosphere.

Update of heat flow map of the continental area of China, which revealed the thermal regime or heat flow pattern in the continental area is characterized by southwest 'high' with "cold' mantle and `hot' crust, central and northwest 'low' with 'cold' mantle and `cold' crust and east 'high', with 'hot' mantle and `cold' crust in the Southwest;